10 African Countries People are Running From

Migration has become a growing issue across Africa over the years, with many citizens seeking better prospects beyond the shores of their countries. 

The latest United Nations’ World Population Prospects 2024 report showed the concerning migration trends, revealing that several African countries are facing significant losses due to the large numbers of people leaving.

This negative migration trend is driven by factors like economic struggles, political instability, and ongoing conflicts. When a country experiences a negative net migration, it means more people are leaving than arriving. 

This is especially troubling for many African nations, as it can exacerbate existing challenges and hinder long-term development. Here are some African countries that most people are leaving.

Sudan – Net Migration: -1.35 Million

Sudan has faced the highest net migration loss in Africa and the second-largest globally, following only Pakistan. The country has been devastated by a prolonged conflict between the Sudanese Armed Forces and the Rapid Support Forces. This violence has left millions displaced, with many fleeing to neighboring countries or further abroad in search of safety and stability. 

Uganda – Net Migration: -126,000

While Uganda is known for being a host country to refugees, it is also witnessing a notable exodus of its own citizens. Many Ugandans are leaving the country due to limited economic opportunities. Despite improvements in some areas, high unemployment rates and the lack of good job prospects push people to look for a better life elsewhere, especially in Europe and North America. 

Zimbabwe – Net Migration: -97,000

Zimbabwe continues to suffer from economic hardships, with inflation rates and unemployment levels pushing many of its citizens to seek a better future abroad. Economic challenges, such as a weak currency and food insecurity, have made daily life increasingly difficult for many Zimbabweans. As a result, countries like South Africa and the United Kingdom have become popular destinations for those leaving in search of stability and work.

Nigeria – Net Migration: -58,000

Nigeria, Africa’s most populous nation, is also facing a considerable outflow of people. Despite being rich in resources, Nigeria struggles with economic instability, corruption, and security issues, particularly in the northern regions. These factors, along with limited job opportunities, especially for the youth, have led many Nigerians to look for a better life outside the country. Many head to Europe or North America, seeking education, work, or refuge from violence.

Mali – Net Migration: -40,000

Mali’s migration losses are linked to ongoing political instability, particularly in the northern and central regions of the country. The rise of extremist groups, armed conflicts, and the absence of basic services have made life difficult for many Malians. 

As a result, thousands of people are fleeing in search of safety and better living conditions. Economic struggles also play a role, with limited job opportunities further driving emigration.

Morocco – Net Migration: -40,000

Despite being geographically close to Europe, Morocco is facing a steady outflow of people. Many Moroccans are leaving in search of better economic prospects in European countries. High unemployment rates, particularly among young people, and dissatisfaction with living conditions contribute to the migration trend. While Morocco has made strides in economic development, the lack of sufficient opportunities still pushes many of its citizens to seek better futures abroad.

Tanzania – Net Migration: -39,000

Tanzania, despite showing some positive development indicators, has seen a notable migration loss. Many Tanzanians are leaving in search of better opportunities, particularly in neighboring countries and Europe. Economic factors, such as unemployment and a lack of economic diversity, continue to be the driving forces behind the emigration trend. T

Mozambique – Net Migration: -36,000

Economic hardship and security concerns are major contributors to the emigration trends in Mozambique. While the country has vast natural resources, a large portion of the population struggles with poverty and underdevelopment. 

Violence in some regions, including the ongoing insurgency in the northern part of the country, has also pushed many citizens to flee. As a result, Mozambique faces a significant loss of human capital as its residents seek refuge in neighboring countries or abroad.

Algeria – Net Migration: -26,000

Algeria’s migration pattern shows a steady outflow of citizens, many of whom are seeking better job opportunities in Europe. The country has faced economic challenges, including unemployment, inflation, and limited social services, which have made it difficult for young people to find a future at home. Many Algerians choose to migrate to France, Spain, and other European nations in hopes of better living conditions and career prospects.

Burkina Faso – Net Migration: -25,000

Burkina Faso has been grappling with security challenges and political instability, especially in the wake of extremist violence in parts of the country. As a result, many Burkinabe are fleeing to neighboring countries for safety.

Additionally, economic struggles, including a lack of employment opportunities, have made life difficult for the population, further contributing to the migration trend.