Why Most Nigerians Said No to Bribes in 2023

In 2023  about 70% of Nigerians refused to pay bribes at least once when asked. This finding comes from a report by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) titled “Corruption in Nigeria: Patterns and Trends.”

The report also revealed the financial scope of bribery in Nigeria. Over 95% of bribes paid in 2023 were in monetary form, either as cash or money transfers. It is estimated that more than N700 billion was paid in bribes to public officials during that year.

The report also shows that the North-West region had the highest bribery refusal rate at 76%. However, all regions in Nigeria recorded refusal rates above 60%, indicating a widespread change in behaviour across the country.

Corruption was ranked as the fourth most pressing issue in Nigeria in 2023, following the cost of living, insecurity, and unemployment. Despite efforts to combat corruption, Nigerians’ confidence in the government’s ability to address the issue has declined.

In 2019, over half of the citizens believed the government was effective in fighting corruption. By 2023, this confidence had dropped to less than a third.

Key Reasons for Refusing Bribes

Cost of Living Pressures

 23% of respondents said that the high cost of living made it impossible for them to spare any money for bribes.

With the cost of basic necessities like food, housing, and transportation increasing, many Nigerians find it challenging to allocate any extra funds for bribes. Every Naira counts, and people are prioritising essential expenses over corrupt payments.

Unemployment and underemployment are prevalent issues. Many individuals are struggling to make ends meet, making them less likely to comply with bribe demands. Their financial constraints leave them with little choice but to refuse.

Even for those who might have some disposable income, there is a growing tendency to prioritise spending on important needs, such as education, healthcare, and savings, over non-essential expenses like bribery.

Normative Concerns

 42% of Nigerians cited moral and ethical reasons for refusing to pay bribes. They believe bribery is wrong and are standing by their principles.

Many Nigerians are guided by strong cultural and religious principles that condemn corrupt practices. These beliefs emphasise honesty, integrity, and fairness, which discourage individuals from participating in bribery.

Increased awareness about the negative impacts of corruption on society has played a role. Educational campaigns and media reports highlight how bribery undermines social and economic development, influencing people to stand against it.

Alternative Options

 21% of those who refused bribes mentioned that they had other ways to achieve their goals without resorting to bribery.

Government and non-governmental organisations have been actively promoting anti-corruption campaigns. These efforts include publicising the consequences of corruption and encouraging citizens to report corrupt practices.

Digital platforms and online services have reduced the need for face-to-face interactions, where bribes are often solicited. Technology has made processes more transparent and accessible, decreasing opportunities for corruption.